Routing Number vs. Account Number

When setting up direct deposit, making a wire transfer, or providing a voided check, you need both a routing number and an account number. These two numbers work together to direct money to the correct bank and the correct account — but they serve different purposes.

What Is a Routing Number?

A routing number is a 9-digit code that identifies your bank or credit union. It is assigned by the American Bankers Association (ABA) and published in the Federal Reserve's FedACH directory.

• Length: Always exactly 9 digits
• Purpose: Identifies the financial institution
• Uniqueness: Shared by all account holders at the same bank (in the same region)
• Privacy: Public information — printed on every check and published by the Federal Reserve

What Is an Account Number?

An account number is a unique identifier for your specific bank account. It distinguishes your account from every other account at the same bank.

• Length: Varies by bank (typically 8-17 digits)
• Purpose: Identifies your individual account
• Uniqueness: Unique to you at that bank
• Privacy: Private — do not share publicly

Where to Find Them on a Check

At the bottom of every check, you will find three numbers printed in MICR format:

1. Routing number — the first 9 digits on the left (between ⑆ symbols)
2. Account number — the middle set of digits
3. Check number — the last set of digits on the right

Key Differences

| Feature | Routing Number | Account Number |

|---|---|---|

| Identifies | Your bank/credit union | Your specific account |

| Length | Always 9 digits | 8-17 digits (varies) |

| Shared | Yes — same for all accounts at your bank in your region | No — unique to you |

| Public | Yes — published by the Federal Reserve | No — keep private |

| Changes | Rarely (only during bank mergers) | Only if you open a new account |

| On a check | Bottom left | Bottom center |

Why You Need Both

Electronic transfers require both numbers to work:

• The routing number directs the transfer to the correct bank
• The account number directs the transfer to the correct account at that bank

Missing or incorrect numbers will cause the transfer to fail or go to the wrong destination.

Common Mistakes

Using the Wrong Routing Number

Large banks like Chase, Bank of America, and Wells Fargo have multiple routing numbers by state. Using the wrong one may delay your transfer.

Confusing Routing and Account Numbers

Some people accidentally swap the two numbers. Remember: routing number (9 digits) comes first on the check, account number comes second.

Using a Wire Transfer Routing Number for ACH

Some banks have separate routing numbers for ACH transfers and wire transfers. Verify which type your employer or biller needs.

How to Verify Your Numbers

• Routing number: Search on VoidedCheck.com or check the Federal Reserve's FedACH directory
• Account number: Log into your bank's online portal or mobile app and navigate to account details

Frequently Asked Questions

Are routing and account numbers the same thing?

No. The routing number identifies your bank; the account number identifies your specific account.

Can two people have the same routing number?

Yes. All customers at the same bank (in the same region) share the same routing number. Account numbers are unique.

Where do I find my routing number without a check?

In your bank's mobile app, online banking portal, or on the bank's website. You can also search on VoidedCheck.com.

Is it safe to share my routing number?

Yes. Routing numbers are public information. However, never share your account number publicly.

Do I need both for direct deposit?

Yes. Your employer needs both your routing number and account number to set up direct deposit.

Generate a voided check with your routing and account numbers →